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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(MARK ONE)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019

Commission file number 1-2189

Abbott Laboratories

An Illinois Corporation

36-0698440

100 Abbott Park Road
Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6400

(I.R.S. employer identification number)
(224667-6100
(telephone number)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Shares, Without Par Value

ABT

New York Stock Exchange
Chicago Stock Exchange, Inc.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes 

    

No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act.

Yes 

    

No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes 

    

No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes 

    

No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer 

Accelerated Filer 

Non-Accelerated Filer 

Smaller reporting company 
Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).

Yes  

    

No 

The aggregate market value of the 1,723,621,480 shares of voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant, computed by reference to the closing price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, as of the last business day of Abbott Laboratories’ most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 28, 2019), was $144,956,566,468. Abbott has no non-voting common equity. Number of common shares outstanding as of January 31, 2020: 1,763,433,243

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the 2020 Abbott Laboratories Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference into Part III. The Proxy Statement will be filed on or about March 13, 2020.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS

Abbott Laboratories is an Illinois corporation, incorporated in 1900. Abbott’s* principal business is the discovery, development, manufacture, and sale of a broad and diversified line of health care products.

NARRATIVE DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Abbott has four reportable segments: Established Pharmaceutical Products, Diagnostic Products, Nutritional Products, and Medical Devices.

On October 3, 2017, Abbott completed the acquisition of Alere Inc., a diagnostic device and service provider, for an aggregate consideration of approximately $4.5 billion in cash.

On February 27, 2017, Abbott completed the sale of Abbott Medical Optics, its vision care business, to Johnson & Johnson for $4.325 billion in cash.

On January 4, 2017, Abbott completed the acquisition of St. Jude Medical, Inc., a global medical device manufacturer. Based on the closing Abbott share price on January 4, 2017, the aggregate implied value of the consideration paid in connection with the acquisition was approximately $23.6 billion, including approximately $13.6 billion in cash and approximately $10 billion in Abbott common shares.

Established Pharmaceutical Products

These products include a broad line of branded generic pharmaceuticals manufactured worldwide and marketed and sold outside the United States in emerging markets. These products are generally sold directly to wholesalers, distributors, government agencies, health care facilities, pharmacies, and independent retailers from Abbott-owned distribution centers and public warehouses, depending on the market served. Certain products are co-marketed or co-promoted with, or licensed from, other companies.

The principal products included in the broad therapeutic area portfolios of the Established Pharmaceutical Products segment are:

gastroenterology products, including Creon™, for the treatment of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency associated with several underlying conditions, including cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis; Duspatal™ and Dicetel™, for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome or biliary spasm; Heptral™, Transmetil™, and Samyr™, for the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis (associated with liver disease) or depressive symptoms; and Duphalac™, for regulation of the physiological rhythm of the colon;
women’s health products, including Duphaston™, for the treatment of many different gynecological disorders; and Femoston™, a hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women;
cardiovascular and metabolic products, including Lipanthyl™ and TriCor™, for the treatment of dyslipidemia; Teveten™ and Teveten™ Plus, for the treatment of essential hypertension, and Physiotens™, for the treatment of hypertension; and Synthroid™, for the treatment of hypothyroidism;
pain and central nervous system products, including Serc™, for the treatment of Ménière’s disease and vestibular vertigo; Brufen™, for the treatment of pain, fever, and inflammation; and Sevedol™, for the treatment of severe migraines; and
respiratory drugs and vaccines, including the anti-infective clarithromycin (sold under the trademarks Biaxin™, Klacid™, and Klaricid™); and Influvac™, an influenza vaccine.

*     As used throughout the text of this report on Form 10-K, the term “Abbott” refers to Abbott Laboratories, an Illinois corporation, or Abbott Laboratories and its consolidated subsidiaries, as the context requires.

1

The Established Pharmaceutical Products segment directs its primary marketing efforts toward building strong brands with key stakeholders, including consumers, pharmacists, physicians, and other healthcare providers. Government agencies are also important customers.

Competition in the Established Pharmaceutical Products segment is generally from other health care and pharmaceutical companies. In addition, the substitution of generic drugs for the brand prescribed and introduction of additional forms of already marketed established products by generic or branded competitors may increase competitive pressures.

Diagnostic Products

These products include a broad line of diagnostic systems and tests manufactured, marketed, and sold worldwide. These products are generally marketed and sold directly to blood banks, hospitals, commercial laboratories, clinics, physicians’ offices, government agencies, alternate care testing sites, and plasma protein therapeutic companies from Abbott owned distribution centers, public warehouses or third party distributors.

The principal products included in the Diagnostic Products segment are:

core laboratory systems in the areas of immunoassay, clinical chemistry, hematology, and transfusion, including the Alinity® family of instruments, ARCHITECT®, ABBOTT PRISM®, and Cell-Dyn®, with assays used for screening and/or diagnosis for cancer, cardiac, metabolics, drugs of abuse, fertility, general chemistries, infectious diseases such as hepatitis and HIV, and therapeutic drug monitoring;
molecular diagnostics systems, including Alinity® m and the m2000™ instruments that automate the extraction, purification, and preparation of DNA and RNA from patient samples, and detect and measure infectious agents including HIV, HBV, HCV, HPV, and CT/NG/TV/MG; and the Vysis® FISH product line of genomic-based tests;
point of care systems, including the i-STAT® and next-generation i-STAT® Alinity® and cartridges for blood analysis;
rapid diagnostics systems in the area of infectious diseases, including influenza, HIV, HCV, and tropical diseases such as malaria and dengue fever; molecular point-of-care testing for HIV, including the m-PIMA™ HIV-1/2 Viral Load Test, and for influenza A & B, RSV and strep A, including the ID NOW™ rapid molecular system; cardiometabolic testing, including Afinion® and Cholestech™ platforms and tests; a toxicology business for drug and alcohol testing; and remote patient monitoring and consumer self-testing; and
informatics and automation solutions for use in laboratories, including laboratory automation systems, the RALS point of care solution, and AlinIQ™, a suite of informatics tools and professional services.

The Diagnostic Products segment’s products are subject to competition in technological innovation, price, convenience of use, service, instrument warranty provisions, product performance, laboratory efficiency, long-term supply contracts, and product potential for overall cost-effectiveness and productivity gains. Some products in this segment can be subject to rapid product obsolescence or regulatory changes. Although Abbott has benefited from technological advantages of certain of its current products, these advantages may be reduced or eliminated as competitors introduce new products.

Nutritional Products

These products include a broad line of pediatric and adult nutritional products manufactured, marketed, and sold worldwide. These products are generally marketed and sold directly to consumers and to institutions, wholesalers, retailers, health care facilities, government agencies, and third-party distributors from Abbott-owned distribution centers or third-party distributors.

The principal products included in the Nutritional Products segment are:

various forms of prepared infant formula and follow-on formula, including Similac®*, Similac Pro-Advance®*, Similac® Advance®, Similac® Advance® Non-GMO, Similac Pro-Sensitive®*, Similac Sensitive®, Similac Sensitive® Non-GMO, Go&Grow by Similac®*, Similac® NeoSure®, Similac® Organic, Similac® Special Care®,

2

Similac Total Comfort®*, Similac® For Supplementation, Isomil® Advance®, Isomil®, Alimentum®, Gain™, Grow™, Similac En Mei Li™, and Eleva™;
adult and other pediatric nutritional products, including Ensure®, Ensure Plus®, Ensure® Enlive®, Ensure® (with NutriVigor®), Ensure® Max Protein, Ensure® High Protein, Glucerna®, Glucerna Hunger Smart®, ProSure®, PediaSure®, PediaSure SideKicks®, PediaSure® Peptide, EleCare®, Juven®, Abound®, Pedialyte® and Zone Perfect®; and
nutritional products used in enteral feeding in health care institutions, including Jevity®, Glucerna® 1.2 Cal, Glucerna® 1.5 Cal, Osmolite®, Oxepa®, Freego® (Enteral Pump) and Freego® sets, Nepro®, and Vital®.

* These products are available with 2'‐FL HMO (Human Milk Oligosaccharide) in several markets.

Primary marketing efforts for nutritional products are directed toward consumers or to securing the recommendation of Abbott’s brand of products by physicians or other health care professionals. In addition, certain nutritional products sold as Similac®, Gain™, Grow™, Eleva™, PediaSure®, PediaSure SideKicks®, Pedialyte®, Ensure®, Zone Perfect®, and Glucerna® are also promoted directly to the public by consumer marketing efforts in select markets where appropriate.

Competition for nutritional products in the segment is generally from other diversified consumer and health care manufacturers. Competitive factors include consumer advertising, formulation, packaging, scientific innovation, price, retail distribution, and availability of product forms. A significant aspect of competition is the search for ingredient innovations. The introduction of new products by competitors, changes in medical practices and procedures, and regulatory changes can result in product obsolescence. In addition, private label and local manufacturers’ products may increase competitive pressure.

Medical Devices

These products include a broad line of rhythm management, electrophysiology, heart failure, vascular and structural heart devices for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes care products for people with diabetes, as well as neuromodulation devices for the management of chronic pain and movement disorders. Medical devices are manufactured, marketed and sold worldwide. In the United States, depending upon the product, medical devices are generally marketed and sold directly to wholesalers, hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, physicians’ offices, and distributors from Abbott-owned distribution centers and public warehouses. Outside the United States, sales are made either directly to customers or through distributors, depending on the market served.

The principal products included in the Medical Devices segment are:

rhythm management products, including Assurity MRI® and Endurity MRI® pacemaker systems; Ellipse® and Fortify Assura® implantable cardioverter defibrillators and Quadra Assura MP® implantable cardioverter defibrillator with cardiac resynchronization therapy and MultiPoint® Pacing technology; and Confirm Rx® implantable cardiac monitor;
electrophysiology products, including the TactiCath® family of ablation catheters and FlexAbility® irrigated ablation catheters; Ampere® RF ablation generator; EnSite Precision® cardiac mapping system; and the Advisor® HD Grid mapping catheter;
heart failure related products, including the HeartMate™ left ventricular device family and the CardioMEMS® HF System pulmonary artery sensor, a heart failure monitoring system;
vascular products, including the XIENCE™ family of drug-eluting coronary stent systems developed on the Multi-Link Vision® platform; StarClose SE® and Perclose ProGlide® vessel closure devices, TREK® coronary balloon dilatation products, Hi-Torque Balance Middleweight Universal II® guidewires, Supera® Peripheral Stent System, a peripheral vascular stent system; Acculink®/Accunet® and Xact®/Emboshield NAV6®, carotid stent systems; and the OPTIS® integrated system with the Dragonfly OPTIS® imaging catheter and PressureWire® fractional flow reserve measurement systems;
structural heart products, including MitraClip®, a percutaneous mitral valve repair system; Trifecta® Valve with Glide™ Technology, a surgical tissue heart valve; Portico® transcatheter aortic heart valve; Regent™ mechanical heart valve; AMPLATZER® PFO occluders; and Tendyne® Transcatheter Mitral Valve Implantation (TMVI) system;

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continuous glucose and blood glucose monitoring systems, including test strips, sensors, data management decision software, and accessories for people with diabetes, under the FreeStyle® brand such as the FreeStyle Libre® system; and
neuromodulation products, including spinal cord stimulators Proclaim® Elite and Proclaim® XR Recharge-free implantable pulse generators (IPG) and Prodigy MRI® IPG, each with BurstDR® stimulation, and Proclaim® DRG IPG, a neurostimulation device designed for dorsal root ganglion therapy, for the treatment of chronic pain disorders; and the Infinity® Deep Brain Stimulation System with directional lead technology for the treatment of movement disorders.

These products are subject to competition in technological innovation, price, convenience of use, service, product performance, long-term supply contracts, and product potential for overall cost-effectiveness and productivity gains. Some products in this segment can be subject to rapid product obsolescence or regulatory changes. Although Abbott has benefited from technological advantages of certain of its current products, these advantages may be reduced or eliminated as competitors introduce new products.

INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO ABBOTT’S BUSINESS IN GENERAL

Sources and Availability of Raw Materials

Abbott purchases, in the ordinary course of business, raw materials and supplies essential to Abbott’s operations from numerous suppliers in the United States and around the world. There have been no recent significant availability problems or supply shortages for raw materials or supplies.

Patents, Trademarks, and Licenses

Abbott is aware of the desirability for patent and trademark protection for its products. Accordingly, where possible, patents and trademarks are sought and obtained for Abbott’s products in the United States and countries of interest to Abbott. Abbott owns or has licenses under a substantial number of patents and patent applications. Principal trademarks and the products they cover are discussed in the Narrative Description of Business on pages 1 through 4. These, and various patents which expire during the period 2020 to 2040, in the aggregate, are believed to be of material importance in the operation of Abbott’s business. Abbott believes that no single patent, license, or trademark is material in relation to Abbott’s business as a whole.

Seasonal Aspects, Customers, Backlog, and Renegotiation

There are no significant seasonal aspects to Abbott’s business. Abbott has no single customer that, if the customer were lost, would have a material adverse effect on Abbott. Orders for Abbott’s products are generally filled on a current basis, and order backlog is not material to Abbott’s business. No material portion of Abbott’s business is subject to renegotiation of profits or termination of contracts at the election of a government.

Environmental Matters

Abbott believes that its operations comply in all material respects with applicable laws and regulations concerning environmental protection. Regulations under federal and state environmental laws impose stringent limitations on emissions and discharges to the environment from various manufacturing operations. Abbott’s capital and operating expenditures for pollution control in 2019 were not material and are not expected to be material in 2020.

Abbott has been identified as one of many potentially responsible parties in investigations and/or remediations at several locations in the United States, including Puerto Rico, under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, commonly known as Superfund. Abbott is also engaged in remediation at several other sites, some of which are owned by Abbott, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency or similar agencies. While it is not feasible to predict with certainty the final costs related to those investigations and remediation activities, Abbott believes that such costs, together with other expenditures to maintain compliance with applicable laws and regulations concerning environmental protection, should not have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s financial position, cash flows, or results of operations.

Employees

Abbott employed approximately 107,000 people as of December 31, 2019.

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Regulation

The development, manufacture, marketing, sale, promotion, and distribution of Abbott’s products are subject to comprehensive government regulation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and similar international regulatory agencies. Government regulation by various international, supranational, federal and state agencies addresses (among other matters) the development and approval to market Abbott’s products, as well as the inspection of, and controls over, research and laboratory procedures, clinical investigations, product approvals and manufacturing, labeling, packaging, supply chains, marketing and promotion, pricing and reimbursement, sampling, distribution, quality control, post-market surveillance, record keeping, storage, and disposal practices. In addition, Abbott’s clinical laboratories and associated testing services are subject to comprehensive government regulation, including registration, certification, and licensure, by federal, state, and local agencies, such as the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, the Drug Enforcement Administration, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, and their respective foreign counterparts. Certain of these agencies require our clinical laboratories to meet quality assurance, quality control, and personnel standards and undergo inspections.

Abbott’s international operations are also affected by trade and investment regulations in many countries. These may require local investment, restrict Abbott’s investments, or limit the import of raw materials and finished products.

Abbott’s laboratory facilities and home monitoring services, which provide services, related products and medical devices to consumers, are subject to additional laws and regulations applicable to health care providers and suppliers that submit claims for reimbursement to third-party payors. In the United States, Medicare, Medicaid, and other third-party payors may from time to time conduct inquiries, claims audits, investigations, and enforcement actions relating to the claims or enrollment criteria.

Abbott is subject to laws and regulations pertaining to health care fraud and abuse, including state and federal anti-kickback, anti-self-referral, and false claims laws in the United States. Prescription drug, nutrition, and medical device manufacturers such as Abbott are also subject to taxes, as well as application, product, user, establishment, and other fees. Governmental agencies can also invalidate intellectual property rights.

Compliance with these laws and regulations is costly and materially affects Abbott’s business. Among other effects, health care regulations and significant changes thereto (such as the introduction of the Medical Device Regulation and the In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device Regulation in the European Union) substantially increase the time, difficulty, and costs incurred in developing, obtaining and maintaining approval to market, and marketing newly developed and existing products. Abbott expects this regulatory environment will continue to require significant technical expertise and investment to ensure compliance. Failure to comply can delay the release of a new product or result in regulatory and enforcement actions, the seizure or recall of a product, the suspension or revocation of the authority necessary for a product’s production and sale, suspension or revocation of billing privileges, and other civil or criminal sanctions, including fines and penalties. Similarly, compliance with the laws and regulations governing clinical laboratories and testing services requires specialized expertise. Failure to comply with these regulatory requirements can result in sanctions, including suspension, revocation, or limitation of a laboratory’s certification, which is necessary to conduct business, as well as significant fines or criminal penalties.

Abbott’s business can also be affected by ongoing studies of the utilization, safety, efficacy, and outcomes of health care products and their components that are regularly conducted by industry participants, government agencies, and others. These studies can call into question the utilization, safety, and efficacy of previously marketed products. In some cases, these studies have resulted, and may in the future result, in the discontinuation of marketing of such products in one or more countries, and may give rise to claims for damages from persons who believe they have been injured as a result of their use.

Access to human health care products continues to be a subject of investigation and action by governmental agencies, legislative bodies, and private organizations in many countries. A major focus is cost containment. Efforts to reduce health care costs are also being made in the private sector, notably by health care payors and providers, which have instituted various cost reduction and containment measures. Abbott expects insurers and providers will continue attempts to reduce the cost or utilization of health care products. Many countries control the price of health care products directly or indirectly, through reimbursement, payment, pricing, or coverage limitations. Budgetary pressures on health care payors may also heighten the scope and severity of pricing pressures on Abbott’s products for the foreseeable future. In the United States, the federal government regularly evaluates reimbursement for medical devices, diagnostics, supplies, and other products, as well as the procedures in which these products may be used. The government follows a diagnosis-related group (DRG)

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payment system for certain institutional services provided under Medicare or Medicaid and has implemented a prospective payment system (PPS) for services delivered in hospital outpatient, nursing home, and home health settings. DRG and PPS entitle a health care facility to a fixed reimbursement based on the diagnosis and/or procedure rather than actual costs incurred in patient treatment, thereby increasing the incentive for the facility to limit or control expenditures for many health care products. Other payment methodology changes have been proposed and implemented from time to time. For example, Medicare implemented a competitive bidding system for certain durable medical equipment (including diabetes products), enteral nutrition products, and supplies. Additionally, the Protecting Access to Medicare Act establishes a new payment system for clinical laboratory tests, which became effective on January 1, 2018.

In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (together, the Affordable Care Act), imposed an excise tax on Abbott and other medical device manufacturers and importers. The excise tax was suspended from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2019 and was repealed as of January 1, 2020 by the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2020.

The Affordable Care Act also includes provisions known as the Physician Payments Sunshine Act, which requires manufacturers of drugs, devices, and medical supplies covered under Medicare and Medicaid to record any transfers of value to physicians and teaching hospitals and to report this data to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services for subsequent public disclosure. In October 2018, the Substance Use Disorder Prevention that Promotes Opioid Recovery and Treatment for Patients and Communities Act significantly expanded the types of healthcare providers for which reporting is required, beginning with reports filed in 2022. Similar reporting requirements have also been enacted on the state level domestically, and an increasing number of governments worldwide either have adopted or are considering similar laws requiring transparency of interactions with health care professionals. Failure to report appropriate data may result in civil or criminal fines and/or penalties.

Policy changes or implementation of new health care legislation could result in significant changes to health care systems. In the United States, this could include potential modification or repeal of all or parts of the Affordable Care Act.

The regulation of data privacy and security, and the protection of the confidentiality of certain personal information (including patient health information and financial information), is increasing. For example, the European Union, various other countries, and various U.S. states (e.g., California) have enacted stricter data protection laws that contain enhanced financial penalties for noncompliance. Similarly, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has issued rules governing the use, disclosure, and security of protected health information, and the FDA has issued further guidance concerning cybersecurity for medical devices. In addition, certain countries have issued or are considering “data localization” laws, which limit companies’ ability to transfer protected data across country borders. Failure to comply with data privacy and security laws and regulations can result in enforcement actions, which could include civil or criminal penalties. Transferring and managing protected information will become more challenging as laws and regulations are enacted or amended, and Abbott expects there will be increasing complexity in this area.

Governmental cost containment efforts also affect Abbott’s nutritional products business. In the United States, for example, under regulations governing the federally funded Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, all states must have a cost containment program for infant formula. As a result, through competitive bidding states obtain rebates from manufacturers of infant formula whose products are used in the program.

Abbott expects debate to continue at all government levels worldwide over the manufacture, quality assurance requirements, marketing authorization processes, post-market surveillance requirements, availability, method of delivery, and payment for health care products and services, as well as data privacy and security. Abbott believes that future legislation and regulation in the markets it serves could affect the timing and expense associated with bringing health care products or services to market, access to health care products and services, increase rebates, reduce prices or reimbursements or the rate of price increases for health care products and services, change health care delivery systems, create new fees and obligations for the pharmaceutical, nutrition, diagnostic, and medical device industries, or require additional reporting and disclosure. It is not possible to predict the extent to which Abbott or the health care industry in general might be affected by the matters discussed above.

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INTERNET INFORMATION

Copies of Abbott’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge through Abbott’s investor relations website (www.abbottinvestor.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after Abbott electronically files the material with, or furnishes it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission). These reports and other information are also available, free of charge, at www.sec.gov.

Abbott’s corporate governance guidelines, outline of directorship qualifications, code of business conduct and the charters of Abbott’s audit committee, compensation committee, nominations and governance committee, and public policy committee are all available on Abbott’s investor relations website (www.abbottinvestor.com).

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the other information in this report, the following risk factors should be considered before deciding to invest in any of Abbott’s securities. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to Abbott, or risks Abbott currently considers immaterial, could also affect Abbott’s actual results. Abbott’s business, financial condition, results of operations, or prospects could be materially adversely affected by any of these risks.

Abbott may acquire other businesses, license rights to technologies or products, form alliances, or dispose of or spin-off businesses, which could cause it to incur significant expenses and could negatively affect profitability.

Abbott may pursue acquisitions, licensing arrangements, and strategic alliances, or dispose of or spin-off some of its businesses, as part of its business strategy. Abbott may not complete these transactions in a timely manner, on a cost-effective basis, or at all, and may not realize the expected benefits. If Abbott is successful in making an acquisition, the products and technologies that are acquired may not be successful or may require significantly greater resources and investments than originally anticipated. Abbott may not be able to integrate acquisitions successfully into its existing business or transition disposed businesses efficiently, and could incur or assume significant debt and unknown or contingent liabilities. Abbott could also experience negative effects on its reported results of operations from acquisition or disposition-related charges, amortization of expenses related to intangibles and charges for impairment of long-term assets. These effects could cause a deterioration of Abbott’s credit rating, result in increased borrowing costs and interest expense, and decrease liquidity.

Abbott is subject to cost containment efforts that could cause a reduction in future revenues and operating income.

In the United States and other countries, Abbott’s businesses have experienced downward pressure on product pricing. Cost containment efforts by governments and private organizations are described in greater detail in the section captioned “Regulation.” To the extent these cost containment efforts are not offset by greater patient access to health care or other factors, Abbott’s future revenues and operating income will be reduced.

Abbott is subject to numerous governmental regulations and it can be costly to comply with these regulations and to develop compliant products and processes.

Abbott’s products are subject to rigorous regulation by the FDA and numerous international, supranational, federal, and state authorities. The process of obtaining regulatory approvals to market a drug, medical device, or diagnostic product can be costly and time-consuming, and approvals might not be granted for future products, or additional indications or uses of existing products, on a timely basis, if at all. Delays in the receipt of, or failure to obtain, approvals for future products, or new indications and uses, could result in delayed realization of product revenues, reduction in revenues, and substantial additional costs.

In addition, no assurance can be given that Abbott will remain in compliance with applicable FDA and other regulatory requirements once approval or marketing authorization has been obtained for a product. These requirements include, among other things, regulations regarding manufacturing practices, product labeling, and advertising and postmarketing reporting, including adverse event reports and field alerts. Many of Abbott’s facilities and procedures and those of Abbott’s suppliers are subject to ongoing regulation, including periodic inspection by the FDA and other regulatory authorities. Abbott must incur expense and spend time and effort to ensure compliance with these complex regulations. Possible regulatory actions for non-compliance could include warning letters, fines, damages, injunctions, civil penalties, recalls, seizures of Abbott’s products, and criminal prosecution.

These actions could result in, among other things, substantial modifications to Abbott’s business practices and operations; refunds, recalls, or seizures of Abbott’s products; a total or partial shutdown of production in one or more facilities while Abbott or Abbott’s suppliers remedy the alleged violation; the inability to obtain future pre-market approvals or marketing authorizations; and withdrawals or suspensions of current products from the market. Any of these events could disrupt Abbott’s business and have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s revenues, profitability and financial condition.

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Laws and regulations affecting government benefit programs could impose new obligations on Abbott, require Abbott to change its business practices, and restrict its operations in the future.

Abbott’s industry is subject to various international, supranational, federal, and state laws and regulations pertaining to government benefit program reimbursement, price reporting and regulation, and health care fraud and abuse, including anti-kickback and false claims laws, and international and individual state laws relating to pricing and sales and marketing practices. Violations of these laws may be punishable by criminal and/or civil sanctions, including, in some instances, substantial fines, imprisonment, and exclusion from participation in government health care programs, including Medicare, Medicaid, and Veterans Administration health programs in the U.S. These laws and regulations are broad in scope and they are subject to evolving interpretations, which could require Abbott to incur substantial costs associated with compliance or to alter one or more of its sales or marketing practices. In addition, violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt Abbott’s business and result in a material adverse effect on Abbott’s revenues, profitability, and financial condition.

Changes in the health care regulatory environment may adversely affect Abbott’s business.

Both in the U.S. and internationally, government authorities may enact changes in regulatory requirements, make legislative or administrative reforms to existing reimbursement programs, make adverse decisions relating to our products’ coverage or reimbursement, or make changes to patient access to health care, all of which could adversely impact the demand for and usage of Abbott’s products or the prices that Abbott’s customers are willing to pay for them.

Further, in the U.S., a number of the provisions of the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 address access to health care products and services. These provisions may be modified, repealed, or otherwise invalidated, in whole or in part. Future rulemaking could affect rebates, prices or the rate of price increases for health care products and services, or required reporting and disclosure. Abbott cannot predict the timing or impact of any future rulemaking or changes in the law.

For additional information concerning health care regulation, see the discussion in “Regulation” under Item 1, “Business.”

Abbott depends on sophisticated information technology systems and maintains protected personal data, and a cyber attack or other breach affecting these information technology systems or protected data could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s results of operations.

Similar to other large multi-national companies, the size and complexity of the information technology systems on which Abbott relies for both its infrastructure and products makes them susceptible to a cyber attack, malicious intrusion, breakdown, destruction, loss of data privacy, or other significant disruption. These systems have been and are expected to continue to be the target of malware and other cyber attacks. In addition, third party hacking attempts may cause Abbott’s information technology systems and related products, protected data, or proprietary information to be compromised or stolen. A significant attack or other disruption could result in adverse consequences, including increased costs and expenses, problems with product functionality, damage to customer relations, lost revenue, and legal or regulatory penalties.

Abbott also collects, manages and processes protected personal data, including protected health information, in connection with certain medical products and service offerings. Abbott is subject to certain regional and local data protection laws that prohibit or restrict the transfer of protected data across country borders. For additional information concerning data privacy and security regulation, see the discussion in “Regulation” under Item 1, “Business.” A breach of protected personal information could result in adverse consequences, including regulatory inquiries or litigation, increased costs and expenses, reputational damage, lost revenue, and fines or penalties.

Abbott invests in its systems and technology and in the protection of its products and data to reduce the risk of an attack or other significant disruption, and monitors its systems on an ongoing basis for any current or potential threats and for changes in technology and the regulatory environment. There can be no assurance that these measures and efforts will prevent future attacks or other significant disruptions to any of the systems on which Abbott relies or that related product issues will not arise in the future. Any significant attack or other disruption on Abbott’s systems or products could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s business.

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Abbott has significant indebtedness, which could adversely affect its business, including decreasing its business flexibility.

As of December 31, 2019, Abbott's consolidated indebtedness was approximately $18 billion. This consolidated indebtedness could have the effect, among other things, of reducing Abbott's flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions, and reducing funds available for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes.

Further, Abbott may be required to raise additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, future acquisitions or other general corporate purposes. Abbott's ability to arrange additional financing or refinancing will depend on, among other factors, Abbott's financial position and performance, as well as prevailing market conditions and other factors beyond Abbott's control. Consequently, Abbott cannot assure that it will be able to obtain additional financing or refinancing on terms acceptable to Abbott or at all, which could adversely impact Abbott's ability to make scheduled payments with respect to its consolidated indebtedness and its profitability and financial condition.

Additionally, further borrowing could cause a deterioration of Abbott's credit ratings. Abbott's credit ratings reflect each credit rating agency's then opinion of Abbott's financial strength, operating performance, and ability to meet its debt obligations. Adverse changes in Abbott's credit ratings may result in increased borrowing costs for future long-term debt or short-term borrowing facilities and may limit financing options, including access to the unsecured borrowing market. Abbott may also be subject to additional restrictive covenants that would reduce flexibility.

The expiration or loss of patent protection and licenses may affect Abbott’s future revenues and operating income.

Many of Abbott’s businesses rely on patent and trademark and other intellectual property protection. Although most of the challenges to Abbott’s intellectual property have come from other companies, governments may also challenge intellectual property protections. To the extent Abbott’s intellectual property is successfully challenged, invalidated, or circumvented or to the extent it does not allow Abbott to compete effectively, Abbott’s businesses could suffer. To the extent that countries do not enforce Abbott’s intellectual property rights, Abbott’s future revenues and operating income could be reduced. Any material litigation regarding Abbott’s patents and trademarks is described in the section captioned “Legal Proceedings.”

Competitors’ intellectual property may prevent Abbott from selling its products or have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s future profitability and financial condition.

Competitors may claim that an Abbott product infringes their intellectual property. Resolving an intellectual property infringement claim can be costly and time consuming and may require Abbott to enter into license agreements. Abbott cannot guarantee that it would be able to obtain license agreements on commercially reasonable terms. A successful claim of patent or other intellectual property infringement could subject Abbott to significant damages or an injunction preventing the manufacture, sale or use of affected Abbott products. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s profitability and financial condition.

Abbott’s research and development efforts may not succeed in developing commercially successful products and technologies, which may cause Abbott’s revenue and profitability to decline.

To remain competitive, Abbott must continue to launch new products and technologies. To accomplish this, Abbott commits substantial efforts, funds, and other resources to research and development. A risk of failure is inherent in the research and development of new products and technologies. Abbott must make ongoing substantial expenditures without any assurance that its efforts will be commercially successful. Failure can occur at any point in the process, including after significant funds have been invested.

Promising new products and technologies may fail to reach the market or may only have limited commercial success because of efficacy or safety concerns, failure to achieve positive clinical outcomes, inability to obtain necessary regulatory approvals, limited scope of approved uses, excessive costs to manufacture, failure to establish or maintain intellectual property rights, or infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. Even if Abbott successfully develops new products or enhancements or new generations of Abbott’s existing products, they may be quickly rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences, changing industry or regulatory standards, or competitors’ innovations. Innovations may not be accepted quickly in the marketplace because of, among other things, entrenched patterns of clinical practice or uncertainty over third-party reimbursement. Abbott cannot state with certainty when or whether any of its products under

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development will be launched, whether it will be able to develop, license, or otherwise acquire compounds or products, or whether any products will be commercially successful. Failure to launch successful new products or technologies, or new indications or uses for existing products, may cause Abbott’s products or technologies to become obsolete, causing Abbott’s revenues and operating results to suffer.

New products and technological advances by Abbott’s competitors may negatively affect Abbott’s results of operations.

Abbott’s products face intense competition from its competitors’ products. Competitors’ products may be safer, more effective, more effectively marketed or sold, or have lower prices or superior performance features than Abbott’s products. Abbott cannot predict with certainty the timing or impact of the introduction of competitors’ products.

The manufacture of many of Abbott’s products is a highly exacting and complex process, and if Abbott or one of its suppliers encounters problems manufacturing products, Abbott’s business could suffer.

The manufacture of many of Abbott’s products is a highly exacting and complex process, due in part to strict regulatory requirements. Problems may arise during manufacturing for a variety of reasons, including equipment malfunction, failure to follow specific protocols and procedures, problems with raw materials, natural disasters, and environmental factors. In addition, single suppliers are currently used for certain products and materials. If problems arise during the production of a lot or batch of product, those products may have to be discarded. If problems are not discovered before the product is released to the market, recall and product liability costs may also be incurred. Any of these events could, among other things, lead to increased costs, lost revenue, damage to customer relations, time and expense spent investigating the cause and, depending on the cause, similar losses with respect to other lots, batches or products. To the extent Abbott or one of its suppliers experiences significant manufacturing problems, this could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s revenues and profitability.

Significant safety concerns could arise for Abbott’s products, which could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s revenues and financial condition.

Health care products typically receive regulatory approval based on data obtained in controlled clinical trials of limited duration. Following regulatory approval, these products will be used over longer periods of time in many patients. Investigators may also conduct additional, and perhaps more extensive, studies. If new safety issues are reported, Abbott may be required to amend the conditions of use for a product. For example, Abbott may be required to provide additional warnings on a product’s label or narrow its approved intended use, either of which could reduce the product’s market acceptance. If serious safety issues arise with an Abbott product, sales of the product could be halted by Abbott or by regulatory authorities. Safety issues affecting suppliers’ or competitors’ products also may reduce the market acceptance of Abbott’s products.

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, Abbott is the subject of product liability claims and lawsuits alleging that its products or the products of other companies that Abbott promotes have resulted or could result in an unsafe condition for or injury to patients. Product liability claims and lawsuits, safety alerts or product recalls, and other allegations of product safety or quality issues, regardless of their validity or ultimate outcome, may have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s business and reputation and on Abbott’s ability to attract and retain customers. Consequences may also include additional costs, a decrease in market share for the products, lower income or exposure to other claims. Product liability losses are self-insured. Product liability claims could have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s profitability and financial condition.

Fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates may adversely affect our financial statements and Abbott’s ability to realize projected sales and earnings.

Although Abbott’s financial statements are denominated in U.S. dollars, a significant portion of Abbott’s revenues and costs are realized in other currencies. Sales outside of the United States in 2019 made up approximately 64 percent of Abbott’s net sales. Abbott’s profitability is affected by movement of the U.S. dollar against other currencies. Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies may also affect the reported value of Abbott’s assets and liabilities, as well as its cash flows. Some foreign currencies are subject to government exchange controls. While Abbott enters into hedging arrangements to mitigate some of its foreign currency exposure, Abbott cannot predict with any certainty changes in foreign currency exchange rates or its ability to mitigate these risks.

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Information on the impact of foreign exchange rates on Abbott’s financial results is contained in the “Financial Review — Results of Operations” section in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of this report. A discussion of the steps taken to mitigate the impact of foreign exchange is contained in Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk in Abbott’s 2019 Form 10-K. Information on Abbott’s hedging arrangements is contained in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements in this report.

Deterioration in the economic condition and credit quality of certain countries may negatively affect Abbott’s results of operations.

Unfavorable economic conditions in certain countries may increase the time it takes to collect outstanding trade receivables. Financial instability and fiscal deficits in these countries may result in additional austerity measures to reduce costs, including health care. Deterioration in the quality of sovereign debt, including credit downgrades, could increase Abbott’s collection risk where a significant amount of Abbott’s receivables in these countries are with governmental health care systems or where Abbott’s customers depend on payment by government health care systems.

The international nature of Abbott’s business subjects it to additional business risks that may cause its revenue and profitability to decline.

Abbott’s business is subject to risks associated with managing a global supply chain and doing business internationally. Sales outside of the United States in 2019 made up approximately 64 percent of Abbott’s net sales. Additional risks associated with Abbott’s international operations include:

differing local product preferences and product requirements;
trade protection measures, including tariffs, import or export licensing requirements, and changes to international trade agreements;
difficulty in establishing, staffing, and managing operations;
differing labor regulations;
potentially negative consequences from changes in or interpretations of tax laws;
political and economic instability, including sovereign debt issues;
restrictions on local currency conversion and/or cash extraction;
price controls, limitations on participation in local enterprises, expropriation, nationalization, and other governmental action;
inflation, recession, and fluctuations in interest rates;
diminished protection of intellectual property; and
potential penalties or other adverse consequences for violations of anti-corruption, anti-bribery, and other similar laws and regulations, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act.

Events contemplated by these risks may, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s revenues and profitability.

Other factors can have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s future profitability and financial condition.

Many other factors can affect Abbott’s profitability and its financial condition, including:

changes in or interpretations of laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards, taxation requirements, product marketing application standards, product labeling, source and use laws, and environmental laws;
differences between the fair value measurement of assets and liabilities and their actual value, particularly for pensions, retiree health care, stock compensation, intangibles, goodwill, and contingent consideration; and for contingent liabilities such as litigation, the absence of a recorded amount, or an amount recorded at the minimum, compared to the actual amount;

12

changes in the rate of inflation (including the cost of raw materials, commodities, and supplies), interest rates, market value of Abbott’s equity investments, and the performance of investments held by Abbott or Abbott’s employee benefit trusts;
changes in the creditworthiness of counterparties that transact business with or provide services to Abbott or Abbott’s employee benefit trusts;
changes in business, economic, and political conditions, including: war, political instability, terrorist attacks, the threat of future terrorist activity and related military action; global climate, extreme weather and natural disasters; widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases; the cost and availability of insurance due to any of the foregoing events; labor disputes, strikes, slow-downs, or other forms of labor or union activity; and pressure from third-party interest groups;
changes in Abbott’s business units and investments and changes in the relative and absolute contribution of each to earnings and cash flow resulting from evolving business strategies, changing product mix, changes in tax laws or tax rates both in the U.S. and abroad and opportunities existing now or in the future;
changes in the buying patterns of a major distributor, retailer, or wholesale customer resulting from buyer purchasing decisions, pricing, seasonality, or other factors, or other problems with licensors, suppliers, distributors, and business partners; and
legal difficulties, any of which could preclude or delay commercialization of products or adversely affect profitability, including claims asserting statutory or regulatory violations, and adverse litigation decisions.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates, and projections. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” variations of these words, and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements. Certain factors, including but not limited to those identified under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Form 10-K, may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations, estimates, projections, forecasts, and from past results. No assurance can be made that any expectation, estimate, or projection contained in a forward-looking statement will be achieved or will not be affected by the factors cited above or other unknown or future events. Abbott undertakes no obligation to release publicly any revisions to forward-looking statements as the result of subsequent events or developments, except as required by law.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

13

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

As of December 31, 2019, Abbott owned or leased properties totaling approximately 42 million square feet, of which approximately 70% is owned by Abbott. Abbott’s principal corporate offices are located in Illinois and are owned by Abbott.

Abbott operates 92 manufacturing facilities globally. Abbott’s facilities are deemed suitable and provide adequate productive capacity. The manufacturing facilities are used by Abbott’s reportable segments as follows:

    

Manufacturing

Reportable Segments

Sites

Medical Devices

 

27

Diagnostic Products

 

23

Established Pharmaceutical Products

 

28

Nutritional Products

 

14

Worldwide Total

 

92

Abbott’s research and development facilities in the United States are primarily located in California, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, and Ohio. Abbott also has research and development facilities in various other countries, including China, Colombia, India, Singapore, Spain, and the United Kingdom.

There are no material encumbrances on the properties.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Abbott is involved in various claims, legal proceedings and investigations. While it is not feasible to predict the outcome of such pending claims, proceedings and investigations with certainty, management is of the opinion that their ultimate resolution should not have a material adverse effect on Abbott’s financial position, cash flows, or results of operations.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

14

INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Executive officers of Abbott are elected annually by the board of directors. Each executive officer holds office until a successor has been duly elected or appointed and qualified or until the officer’s death, resignation, or removal. Vacancies may be filled at any time by the board. Any executive officer may be removed by the board of directors when, in its judgment, removal would serve the best interests of Abbott.

Abbott’s executive officers, their ages as of February 21, 2020, and the dates of their first election as officers of Abbott are listed below. The executive officers’ principal occupations and employment for the past five years and the year of appointment to the earliest reported office are also shown. Unless otherwise stated, employment was by Abbott. There are no family relationships between any executive officers or directors.

Miles D. White will step down as Chief Executive Officer on March 31, 2020. The board of directors appointed Mr. White as Executive Chairman and Robert B. Ford as President and Chief Executive Officer, each effective March 31, 2020. Brian B. Yoor will retire as an officer of Abbott, effective February 29, 2020. The board of directors appointed Robert E. Funck, Jr. as Executive Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer and Philip P. Boudreau as Vice President, Finance and Controller, each effective March 1, 2020.

Miles D. White, 64

1999 to present — Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, and Director.

Elected Corporate Officer — 1993.

Robert B. Ford, 46

2018 to present — President and Chief Operating Officer, and Director since 2019.

2015 to 2018 — Executive Vice President, Medical Devices.

2014 to 2015 — Senior Vice President, Diabetes Care.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2008.

Hubert L. Allen, 54

2013 to present — Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2012.

John M. Capek, 58

2015 to present — Executive Vice President, Ventures.

2007 to 2015 — Executive Vice President, Medical Devices.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2006.

Lisa D. Earnhardt, 50

2019 to present — Executive Vice President, Medical Devices.

2008 to 2019 — President, CEO, and Director, Intersect ENT (a medical technology company focused on developing treatments for ear, nose and throat conditions).

Elected Corporate Officer — 2019.

John F. Ginascol, 61

2019 to present — Executive Vice President, Core Diagnostics.

2008 to 2019 — Vice President, Nutrition, Supply Chain.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2008.

15

Andrew H. Lane, 49

2017 to present — Executive Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals.

2015 to 2017 — Senior Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals, Emerging Markets.

2014 to 2015 — Divisional Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals, Asia Pacific.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

Mary K. Moreland, 53

2019 to present — Executive Vice President, Human Resources.

2013 to 2019 — Divisional Vice President, Compensation, Benefits and HR M&A.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2019.

Daniel Salvadori, 41

2017 to present — Executive Vice President, Nutritional Products.

2014 to 2017 — Senior Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals, Latin America.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2014.

Andrea Wainer, 51

2019 to present — Executive Vice President, Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics.

2015 to 2019 — Vice President, Molecular Diagnostics.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

Brian B. Yoor, 50

2017 to present — Executive Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer.

2015 to 2017 — Senior Vice President, Finance and Chief Financial Officer.

2013 to 2015 — Vice President, Investor Relations.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2013.

Roger M. Bird, 63

2015 to present — Senior Vice President, U.S. Nutrition.

2009 to 2015 — Divisional Vice President and General Manager, China and Hong Kong, Nutritional Products.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

Charles R. Brynelsen, 63

2017 to present — Senior Vice President, Abbott Vascular.

2016 to 2017 — Managing Director, CB Business Advisors, Inc. (a medical device consulting firm).

2015 to 2016 — Senior Vice President and President, Medtronic Early Technologies, Medtronic plc (a global medical device company).

2013 to 2015 — President, Early Technologies, Covidien plc (a global healthcare products company).

Elected Corporate Officer — 2017.

16

Jaime Contreras, 63

2013 to present — Senior Vice President, Core Laboratory Diagnostics, Commercial Operations.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2003.

Michael D. Dale, 60

2019 to present — Senior Vice President, Structural Heart.

2017 to 2019 — Vice President, Structural Heart.

2016 to 2017 — Divisional Vice President and General Manager, Structural Heart.

2014 to 2016 — President and Chief Executive Officer, GI Dynamics, Inc. (a medical device company focused on developing gastrointestinal therapies).

Elected Corporate Officer — 2017.

Robert E. Funck, Jr., 58

2018 to present — Senior Vice President, Finance and Controller.

2013 to 2018 — Vice President, Controller.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2005.

Sammy Karam, 58

2019 to present — Senior Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals, Emerging Markets.

2014 to 2019 — Divisional Vice President, Global Marketing Commercial Execution, Established Pharmaceuticals.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2019.

Joseph Manning, 51

2017 to present — Senior Vice President, International Nutrition.

2015 to 2017 — Vice President, Nutrition, Asia Pacific.

2014 to 2015 — General Manager, Indonesia, Nutritional Products.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

Michael J. Pederson, 58

2019 to present — Senior Vice President, Electrophysiology and Heart Failure.

2017 to 2019 — Senior Vice President, Cardiac Arrhythmias and Heart Failure.

2015 to 2017 — Divisional Vice President and General Manager, Abbott Electrophysiology.

2011 to 2015 — Chief Executive Officer, VytronUS, Inc. (a medical device company focused on developing electrophysiology technologies).

Elected Corporate Officer — 2017.

Christopher J. Scoggins, 50

2019 to present — Senior Vice President, Rapid Diagnostics.

2015 to 2019 — Vice President, Diabetes Care, Commercial Operations.

2011 to 2015 — Divisional Vice President, EMEA Commercial Operations, ADC.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

17

Jared L. Watkin, 52

2015 to present — Senior Vice President, Diabetes Care.

2010 to 2015 — Divisional Vice President, Technical Operations, Diabetes Care.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

Alejandro D. Wellisch, 45

2017 to present — Senior Vice President, Established Pharmaceuticals, Latin America.

2014 to 2017 — General Manager, Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay, Established Pharmaceuticals.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2017.

Randel W. Woodgrift, 58

2019 to present — Senior Vice President, CRM.

2017 to 2019 — Vice President, Global Operations, Cardiovascular and Neuromodulation.

2015 to 2017 — Vice President, Operations and R&D, Abbott Vascular.

Elected Corporate Officer — 2015.

18

PART II

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Principal Market

The principal market for Abbott’s common shares is the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “ABT.” Shares are also listed on the Chicago Stock Exchange and traded on various regional and electronic exchanges. Outside the United States, Abbott’s shares are listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange.

Shareholders

There were 38,990 shareholders of record of Abbott common shares as of December 31, 2019.

Tax Information for Shareholders

In 2001, the Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity designated Abbott as an Illinois High Impact Business (HIB) for a period not to exceed twenty years. Dividends paid by a corporation that is designated as a HIB and conducts business in a foreign trade zone may be eligible for a subtraction from base income for Illinois income tax purposes. Abbott certified that the HIB requirements were met for the calendar year ending December 31, 2019.

If you have any questions, please contact your tax advisor.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

    

    

    

(c) Total Number of

    

(d) Maximum Number (or

 

(a) Total Number

Shares (or Units)

Approximate Dollar Value) of

 

of Shares

(b) Average Price

Purchased as Part of

Shares (or Units) that May

 

(or Units)

Paid per Share

Publicly Announced

Yet Be Purchased Under the

 

Period

Purchased

(or Unit)

Plans or Programs

Plans or Programs

 

October 1, 2019 — October 31, 2019

 

2,675,000

(1)

$

81.950

 

2,675,000

$

3,576,018,444

(2)

November 1, 2019 — November 30, 2019

 

1,786,605

(1)

$

82.928

 

1,786,605

$

3,427,858,606

(2)

December 1, 2019 — December 31, 2019

 

1,844,839

(1)

$

85.440

 

1,844,839

$

3,270,234,923

(2)

Total

 

6,306,444

(1)

$

83.248

 

6,306,444

$

3,270,234,923

(2)

(1)These shares do not include the shares surrendered to Abbott to satisfy tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock or restricted stock units.
(2)On September 11, 2014, the board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $3 billion of its common shares, from time to time (the “2014 Plan”). On October 11, 2019, the board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $3 billion of Abbott common shares, from time to time (the “2019 Plan”). The 2019 Plan is in addition to the unused portion of the 2014 Plan.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Year Ended December 31

    

2019

    

2018

    

2017

    

2016

    

2015

Net sales

$

31,904

$

30,578

$

27,390

$

20,853

$

20,405

Earnings from continuing operations

 

3,687

 

2,334

 

353

 

1,063

 

2,606

Net earnings

 

3,687

 

2,368

 

477

 

1,400

 

4,423

Basic earnings per common share from continuing operations

 

2.07

 

1.32

 

0.20

 

0.71

 

1.73

Basic earnings per common share

 

2.07

 

1.34

 

0.27

 

0.94

 

2.94

Diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations

 

2.06

 

1.31

 

0.20

 

0.71

 

1.72

Diluted earnings per common share

 

2.06

 

1.33

 

0.27

 

0.94

 

2.92

Total assets

 

67,887

 

67,173

 

76,250

 

52,666

 

41,247

Long‑term debt, including current portion

 

17,938

 

19,366

 

27,718

 

20,684

 

5,874

Cash dividends declared per common share

 

1.32

 

1.16

 

1.075

 

1.045

 

0.98

19

ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Financial Review

Abbott’s revenues are derived primarily from the sale of a broad line of health care products under short-term receivable arrangements.  Patent protection and licenses, technological and performance features, and inclusion of Abbott’s products under a contract most impact which products are sold; price controls, competition and rebates most impact the net selling prices of products; and foreign currency translation impacts the measurement of net sales and costs.  Abbott’s primary products are medical devices, diagnostic testing products, nutritional products and branded generic pharmaceuticals.  Sales in international markets comprise approximately 64 percent of consolidated net sales.

Over the last several years, Abbott proactively shaped the company with the strategic intent to deliver sustainable growth in all of its businesses.  Significant steps over the last three years included:

In January 2017, Abbott acquired St. Jude Medical, Inc. (St. Jude Medical), a global medical device manufacturer, for approximately $23.6 billion.  As part of the acquisition, Abbott also assumed, repaid or refinanced approximately $5.9 billion of St. Jude Medical’s debt.  The acquisition provided expanded opportunities for future growth and is an important part of the company's effort to develop a strong, diverse portfolio.    
In October 2017, Abbott acquired Alere Inc. (Alere), a diagnostic device and service provider, for approximately $4.5 billion. As part of the acquisition, Abbott also tendered for Alere’s preferred shares for a total value of approximately $0.7 billion and assumed and subsequently repaid approximately $3.0 billion of Alere’s debt.  The acquisition established Abbott as a leader in point of care testing, expanded Abbott’s global diagnostics presence and provided access to new products, channels and geographies.  
In February 2017, Abbott completed the sale of Abbott Medical Optics (AMO), its vision care business, to Johnson & Johnson for $4.325 billion in cash and recognized an after-tax gain of $728 million.

The increase in total sales over the last three years reflects both volume growth across Abbott’s businesses and the 2017 acquisitions of St. Jude Medical and Alere.  Volume growth reflects the introduction of new products as well as higher sales of existing products.  Sales in emerging markets, which represent approximately 40 percent of total company sales, increased 8.2 percent in 2019 and 12.3 percent in 2018, excluding the impact of foreign exchange. (Emerging markets include all countries except the United States, Western Europe, Japan, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.)

Over the last three years, Abbott’s operating margin was positively impacted by margin improvements in various businesses, including Established Pharmaceutical Products, Diabetes Care, Rapid Diagnostics, and Structural Heart.  A reduction in the costs associated with the recent business acquisitions also drove the improvement in operating margins from 2017 to 2019.  In 2019, Abbott’s operating margin increased by approximately 2 percentage points primarily due to lower intangible amortization expense and lower business integration and restructuring costs compared to 2018.  In 2018, Abbott’s operating margin increased by approximately 6 percentage points primarily due to operating margin improvement in various businesses and lower inventory step-up amortization and integration costs associated with the acquisitions.

Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2019, the results of the Diabetes Care business, which had previously been included in the non-reportable segment category, were aggregated with the results of the businesses in the Cardiovascular and Neuromodulation segment to comprise the Medical Devices reportable segment.  Historic periods have been adjusted to reflect this change.  

Excluding the impact of foreign exchange, sales in the Medical Devices segment increased 10.5 percent in 2019 and 9.0 percent in 2018.  The sales increase in 2019 was driven primarily by higher Diabetes Care, Structural Heart, Electrophysiology and Heart Failure sales.  The sales increase in 2018 was driven primarily by higher Diabetes Care, Structural Heart, Electrophysiology, and Neuromodulation sales.

In 2019, operating earnings for this segment increased 7.7 percent. The operating margin profile increased from 29.2 percent of sales in 2017 to 30.8 percent in 2019 primarily due to sales volume growth and various cost improvement initiatives, partially offset by investment spending to drive the growth of new products.

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In 2019, in the Medical Devices segment, product approvals from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) included:

the TactiCath® contact force ablation catheter, Sensor enabled™, which is designed to help physicians treat atrial fibrillation, a form of irregular heartbeat.
a new, expanded indication for Abbott’s MitraClip® heart valve repair device to treat clinically significant secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) as a result of underlying heart failure.  This new indication expands the number of people with MR that can be treated with the MitraClip device.  
the next-generation version of the MitraClip device, which includes a new leaflet grasping enhancement, an expanded range of clip sizes and facilitation of procedure assessment in real time to offer doctors further options when treating mitral valve disease.
the Proclaim XR recharge-free neurostimulation system for people living with chronic pain which works by using low doses of mild electrical pulses to change pain signals as they travel from the spinal cord to the brain.

In March 2019, Abbott announced new data from its MOMENTUM 3 clinical study, the largest randomized controlled trial to assess outcomes in patients receiving a heart pump to treat advanced heart failure, which demonstrated Abbott's HeartMate 3® Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) improved survival and clinical outcomes in this patient population.  In October 2018, the FDA approved HeartMate 3 as a destination (long-term use) therapy for patients living with advanced heart failure.

In December 2019, Abbott received CE Mark approval in Europe for its next-generation high-voltage implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (CRT-D) devices.

In January 2020, Abbott received CE Mark approval in Europe for its Tendyne Transcatheter Mitral Valve Implantation system for the treatment of significant MR in patients requiring a heart valve replacement who are not candidates for open-heart surgery or transcatheter mitral valve repair.

In Abbott’s worldwide diagnostics business, sales growth over the last three years reflected the acquisition of Alere in October 2017, as well as continued market penetration by the core laboratory business in the U.S. and internationally.  Alere’s results are included in Abbott’s Diagnostic Products reportable segment from the date of acquisition.  Worldwide diagnostic sales increased 5.9 percent in 2019 and 33.6 percent in 2018, excluding the impact of foreign exchange.  Excluding the impact of the Alere acquisition, as well as the impact of foreign exchange, sales in the Diagnostic Products segment increased 6.5 percent in 2018.  The 2019 and 2018 growth includes the continued adoption by customers of Alinity®, which is Abbott’s integrated family of next-generation diagnostic systems and solutions that are designed to increase efficiency by running more tests in less space, generating test results faster and minimizing human errors while continuing to provide quality results.  

Abbott has regulatory approvals in the U.S., Europe, China, and other markets for the “Alinity c” and “Alinity i” instruments and multiple assays for clinical chemistry and immunoassay diagnostics, respectively.  Abbott has obtained regulatory approval for the “Alinity h” instrument for hematology in Europe and Japan.   In 2019, Abbott continued the roll-out in Europe of its “Alinity s” blood and plasma screening system and received U.S. FDA approval for “Alinity s” and several testing assays.  In 2019, Abbott also announced that it had obtained CE Mark for its “Alinity m” (molecular) diagnostics system and several testing assays.

In 2019, operating earnings for the Diagnostics segment increased 2.3 percent. The operating margin profile decreased from 26.1 percent of sales in 2017 to 24.8 percent in 2019 primarily due to dilution from the acquisition of Alere, the negative impact of foreign exchange, and costs to accelerate the roll-out of Alinity, partially offset by the continued focus on cost improvement.

21

In Abbott’s worldwide nutritional products business, sales over the last three years were positively impacted by numerous new product introductions, including the roll-out of HMO in infant formula, that leveraged Abbott’s strong brands.  Sales were also positively affected by demographics such as an aging population and an increasing rate of chronic disease in developed markets and the rise of a middle class in many emerging markets.  In 2019, excluding the impact of foreign exchange, total adult nutrition sales increased 6.6 percent led by the continued growth of Ensure®, Abbott’s market-leading complete and balanced nutrition brand, and Glucerna®, Abbott’s market-leading diabetes-specific nutrition brand, across several countries, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of the discontinuation of a non-core product line in the U.S.  In 2019, excluding the impact of foreign exchange, total pediatric nutrition sales increased 3.4 percent driven by the PediaSure® and Pedialyte® brands in the U.S. as well as infant and toddler product growth across several markets in Asia and Latin America, partially offset by challenging conditions in the Greater China market.

In 2018, excluding the impact of foreign exchange, the nutritional business experienced above-market growth in the worldwide pediatric business driven by the Similac® and Pedialyte brands in the U.S. as well as growth across several markets in Asia.  Worldwide, adult nutrition sales increased in 2018 led by the growth of Ensure and Glucerna.

The Established Pharmaceutical Products segment focuses on the sale of its products in emerging markets.  Excluding the impact of foreign exchange, Established Pharmaceutical sales increased 7.3 percent in 2019 and 7.0 percent in 2018.  The sales increase in 2019 was driven by growth in several geographies including China, Brazil, Russia and India.  The sales increase in 2018 was driven by double-digit growth in India and China.  Operating margins increased from 19.8 percent of sales in 2017 to 20.1 percent in 2019 primarily due to the continued focus on cost reduction initiatives, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign exchange.

In conjunction with the funding of the St. Jude Medical and Alere acquisitions and the assumption of St. Jude Medical’s and Alere’s existing debt, Abbott’s total short-term and long-term debt increased from approximately $9.0 billion at December 31, 2015 to $27.9 billion at December 31, 2017.  In 2018, Abbott repaid approximately $8.3 billion of debt, net of borrowings, bringing its total debt to $19.6 billion at December 31, 2018.  In 2019, Abbott repaid approximately $1.6 billion of debt, net of borrowings, bringing its total debt to $18.1 billion at December 31, 2019.

Abbott declared dividends of $1.32 per share in 2019 compared to $1.16 per share in 2018, an increase of approximately 14 percent.  Dividends paid totaled $2.270 billion in 2019 compared to $1.974 billion in 2018.  The year-over-year change in the amount of dividends paid primarily reflects the increase in the dividend rate.  In December 2019, Abbott increased the company’s quarterly dividend by approximately 12.5 percent to $0.36 per share from $0.32 per share, effective with the dividend paid in February 2020.

In 2020, Abbott will focus on continuing to invest in product development areas that provide the opportunity for strong sustainable growth over the next several years.  In its diagnostics business, Abbott will continue to focus on driving market adoption and geographic expansion of its Alinity suite of diagnostics instruments.  In the medical devices business, Abbott will continue to focus on expanding its market position in various areas including diabetes care, structural heart, electrophysiology, and heart failure.  In its nutritionals business, Abbott will continue to focus on driving growth globally and further enhancing its portfolio with the introduction of several new science-based products.  In the established pharmaceuticals business, Abbott will continue to focus on growing its business with the depth and breadth of its portfolio in emerging markets.

22

Critical Accounting Policies

Sales Rebates — In 2019, approximately 44 percent of Abbott’s consolidated gross revenues were subject to various forms of rebates and allowances that Abbott recorded as reductions of revenues at the time of sale.  Most of these rebates and allowances in 2019 are in the Nutritional Products and Diabetes Care businesses.  Abbott provides rebates to state agencies that administer the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), wholesalers, group purchasing organizations, and other government agencies and private entities.  Rebate amounts are usually based upon the volume of purchases using contractual or statutory prices for a product.  Factors used in the rebate calculations include the identification of which products have been sold subject to a rebate, which customer or government agency price terms apply, and the estimated lag time between sale and payment of a rebate.  Using historical trends, adjusted for current changes, Abbott estimates the amount of the rebate that will be paid, and records the liability as a reduction of gross sales when Abbott records its sale of the product.  Settlement of the rebate generally occurs from one to six months after sale.  Abbott regularly analyzes the historical rebate trends and makes adjustments to reserves for changes in trends and terms of rebate programs.  Rebates and chargebacks charged against gross sales in 2019, 2018 and 2017 amounted to approximately $3.1 billion, $3.0 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively, or 19.1 percent, 19.0 percent and 20.5 percent of gross sales, respectively, based on gross sales of approximately $16.3 billion, $16.0 billion and $13.9 billion, respectively, subject to rebate.  A one-percentage point increase in the percentage of rebates to related gross sales would decrease net sales by approximately $163 million in 2019.  Abbott considers a one-percentage point increase to be a reasonably likely increase in the percentage of rebates to related gross sales.  Other allowances charged against gross sales were approximately $169 million, $175 million and $166 million for cash discounts in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $192 million, $191 million and $204 million for returns in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  Cash discounts are known within 15 to 30 days of sale, and therefore can be reliably estimated.  Returns can be reliably estimated because Abbott’s historical returns are low, and because sales returns terms and other sales terms have remained relatively unchanged for several periods.

Management analyzes the adequacy of ending rebate accrual balances each quarter.  In the domestic nutritional business, management uses both internal and external data available to estimate the accruals.  In the WIC business, estimates are required for the amount of WIC sales within each state where Abbott holds the WIC contract. The state where the sale is made, which is the determining factor for the applicable rebated price, is reliably determinable. Rebated prices are based on contractually obligated agreements generally lasting a period of two to four years. Except for a change in contract price or a transition period before or after a change in the supplier for the WIC business in a state, accruals are based on historical redemption rates and data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the states submitting rebate claims. The USDA, which administers the WIC program, has been making its data available for many years.  Management also estimates the states' processing lag time based on sales and claims data. Inventory in the retail distribution channel does not vary substantially. Management has access to several large customers' inventory management data, which allows management to make reliable estimates of inventory in the retail distribution channel. At December 31, 2019, Abbott had WIC business in 26 states.

Historically, adjustments to prior years’ rebate accruals have not been material to net income.  Abbott employs various techniques to verify the accuracy of claims submitted to it, and where possible, works with the organizations submitting claims to gain insight into changes that might affect the rebate amounts.  For government agency programs, the calculation of a rebate involves interpretations of relevant regulations, which are subject to challenge or change in interpretation.

Income Taxes — Abbott operates in numerous countries where its income tax returns are subject to audits and adjustments. Because Abbott operates globally, the nature of the audit items is often very complex, and the objectives of the government auditors can result in a tax on the same income in more than one country.  Abbott employs internal and external tax professionals to minimize audit adjustment amounts where possible.  In accordance with the accounting rules relating to the measurement of tax contingencies, in order to recognize an uncertain tax benefit, the taxpayer must be more likely than not of sustaining the position, and the measurement of the benefit is calculated as the largest amount that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon resolution of the benefit.  Application of these rules requires a significant amount of judgment.  In the U.S., Abbott’s federal income tax returns through 2016 are settled except for the federal income tax returns of the former Alere consolidated group which are settled through 2015 and the former St. Jude Medical consolidated group which are settled through 2013.  Undistributed foreign earnings remain indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations.  Determining the amount of unrecognized deferred tax liability related to any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to the transition tax and additional outside basis difference in its foreign entities is not practicable.

23

Pension and Post-Employment Benefits — Abbott offers pension benefits and post-employment health care to many of its employees.  Abbott engages outside actuaries to assist in the determination of the obligations and costs under these programs.  Abbott must develop long-term assumptions, the most significant of which are the health care cost trend rates, discount rates and the expected return on plan assets.  The discount rates used to measure liabilities were determined based on high-quality fixed income securities that match the duration of the expected retiree benefits.  The health care cost trend rates represent Abbott’s expected annual rates of change in the cost of health care benefits and are a forward projection of health care costs as of the measurement date.  A difference between the assumed rates and the actual rates, which will not be known for years, can be significant in relation to the obligations and the annual cost recorded for these programs.  Low interest rates have significantly increased actuarial losses for these plans.  At December 31, 2019, pretax net actuarial losses and prior service costs and (credits) recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for Abbott’s defined benefit plans and medical and dental plans were losses of $4.1 billion and $434 million, respectively.  Actuarial losses and gains are amortized over the remaining service attribution periods of the employees under the corridor method, in accordance with the rules for accounting for post-employment benefits.  Differences between the expected long-term return on plan assets and the actual annual return are amortized over a five-year period.  Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements describes the impact of a one-percentage point change in the health care cost trend rate; however, there can be no certainty that a change would be limited to only one percentage point.

Valuation of Intangible Assets — Abbott has acquired and continues to acquire significant intangible assets that Abbott records at fair value at the acquisition date.  Transactions involving the purchase or sale of intangible assets occur with some frequency between companies in the health care field and valuations are usually based on a discounted cash flow analysis.  The discounted cash flow model requires assumptions about the timing and amount of future net cash flows, risk, cost of capital, terminal values and market participants.  Each of these factors can significantly affect the value of the intangible asset.  Abbott engages independent valuation experts who review Abbott’s critical assumptions and calculations for acquisitions of significant intangibles.  Abbott reviews definite-lived intangible assets for impairment each quarter using an undiscounted net cash flows approach.  If the undiscounted cash flows of an intangible asset are less than the carrying value of an intangible asset, the intangible asset is written down to its fair value, which is usually the discounted cash flow amount.  Where cash flows cannot be identified for an individual asset, the review is applied at the lowest group level for which cash flows are identifiable.  Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, which relate to in-process research and development acquired in a business combination, are reviewed for impairment annually or when an event that could result in impairment occurs.  At December 31, 2019, goodwill amounted to $23.2 billion and net intangibles amounted to $17.0 billion.  Amortization expense in continuing operations for intangible assets amounted to $1.9 billion in 2019, $2.2 billion in 2018 and $2.0 billion in 2017.  There was no significant reduction of goodwill relating to impairments in 2019, 2018 and 2017.

Litigation — Abbott accounts for litigation losses in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) No. 450, “Contingencies.” Under ASC No. 450, loss contingency provisions are recorded for probable losses at management’s best estimate of a loss, or when a best estimate cannot be made, a minimum loss contingency amount is recorded.  These estimates are often initially developed substantially earlier than the ultimate loss is known, and the estimates are refined each accounting period as additional information becomes known.  Accordingly, Abbott is often initially unable to develop a best estimate of loss, and therefore the minimum amount, which could be zero, is recorded.  As information becomes known, either the minimum loss amount is increased, resulting in additional loss provisions, or a best estimate can be made, also resulting in additional loss provisions.  Occasionally, a best estimate amount is changed to a lower amount when events result in an expectation of a more favorable outcome than previously expected.  Abbott estimates the range of possible loss to be from approximately $95 million to $130 million for its legal proceedings and environmental exposures.  Accruals of approximately $110 million have been recorded at December 31, 2019 for these proceedings and exposures.  These accruals represent management’s best estimate of probable loss, as defined by FASB ASC No. 450, “Contingencies.”

24

Results of Operations

Sales

The following table details the components of sales growth by reportable segment for the last two years:

Components of % Change

    

    

Business

    

    

    

Total

Acquisitions/

% Change

 

Divestitures

Price

Volume

Exchange

Total Net Sales

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

4.3

 

 

0.2

 

7.3

 

(3.2)

2018 vs. 2017

 

11.6

 

4.9

 

(1.0)

 

8.1

 

(0.4)

Total U.S.

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

5.2

 

 

(0.4)

 

5.6

 

2018 vs. 2017

 

12.1

 

8.0

 

(1.1)

 

5.2

 

Total International

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

3.9

 

 

0.5

 

8.3

 

(4.9)

2018 vs. 2017

 

11.4

 

3.2

 

(1.0)

 

9.7

 

(0.5)

Established Pharmaceutical Products Segment

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

1.4

 

 

3.0

 

4.3

 

(5.9)

2018 vs. 2017

 

3.2

 

 

2.2

 

4.8

 

(3.8)

Nutritional Products Segment

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

2.5

 

 

0.9

 

3.9

 

(2.3)

2018 vs. 2017

 

4.4

 

 

0.2

 

4.7

 

(0.5)

Diagnostic Products Segment

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

2.9

 

 

(0.5)

 

6.4

 

(3.0)

2018 vs. 2017

 

33.5

 

27.1

 

(2.0)

 

8.5

 

(0.1)

Medical Devices Segment

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

2019 vs. 2018

 

7.6

 

 

(0.9)

 

11.4

 

(2.9)

2018 vs. 2017

 

10.1

 

 

(2.7)

 

11.7

 

1.1

Note:

Diabetes Care sales, which had previously been reported in Other, are now included in the Medical Devices segment. Historic periods have been adjusted to reflect this change.

The increase in Total Net Sales in 2019 reflects volume growth across all of Abbott’s segments.  The increase in Total Net Sales in 2018 reflects the acquisition of Alere, as well as volume growth across all of Abbott’s segments.  The price declines related to the Medical Devices segment in 2019 and 2018 primarily reflect pricing pressures on drug eluting stents (DES) as a result of market competition in the U.S. and other major markets.

25

A comparison of significant product and product group sales is as follows.  Percent changes are versus the prior year and are based on unrounded numbers.

    

    

    

    

Total

 

 

Total

 

Impact of

 

Change

(dollars in millions)

2019

2018

Change

Exchange

 

Excl. Exchange

Total Established Pharmaceuticals —

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Key Emerging Markets

$

3,392

$

3,363

 

1

%  

(7)

%  

8

%

Other

 

1,094

1,059

 

3

 

(3)

 

6

Nutritionals —

 

 

 

 

International Pediatric Nutritionals

 

2,282

2,254

 

1

 

(4)

 

5

U.S. Pediatric Nutritionals

 

1,879

1,843

 

2

 

 

2

International Adult Nutritionals

 

2,017

1,900

 

6

 

(5)

 

11

U.S. Adult Nutritionals

 

1,231

1,232

 

 

 

Diagnostics —

 

 

 

 

Core Laboratory

 

4,656

4,386

 

6

 

(4)

 

10

Molecular

 

442

484

 

(9)

 

(3)

 

(6)

Point of Care

 

561

553

 

2

 

 

2

Rapid Diagnostics

 

2,054

2,072

 

(1)

 

(2)

 

1

Medical Devices —

 

 

 

 

Rhythm Management

 

2,144

2,198

 

(3)

 

(3)

 

Electrophysiology

 

1,721

1,561

 

10

 

(3)

 

13

Heart Failure

 

769

646

 

19

 

(1)

 

20

Vascular (a)

 

2,850

2,929

 

(3)

 

(3)

 

Structural Heart

 

1,400

1,239

 

13

 

(3)

 

16

Neuromodulation

831

864

(4)

(2)

(2)

Diabetes Care

2,524

1,933

31

(5)

36

(a) Vascular Product Lines:

Coronary and Endovascular

 

2,740

2,778

 

(1)

 

(2)

 

1

26

    

    

    

    

Total

 

Total

Impact of

Change

 

(dollars in millions)

2018

2017

Change

Exchange

Excl. Exchange

 

Total Established Pharmaceuticals —

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Key Emerging Markets

$

3,363

$

3,307

 

2

%  

(5)

%  

7

%

Other

 

1,059

980

 

8

 

2

 

6

Nutritionals —

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

International Pediatric Nutritionals

 

2,254

2,112

 

7

 

 

7

U.S. Pediatric Nutritionals

 

1,843

1,777

 

4

 

 

4

International Adult Nutritionals

 

1,900

1,782

 

7

 

(1)

 

8

U.S. Adult Nutritionals

 

1,232

1,254

 

(2)

 

 

(2)